The Lisbon agenda of raising knowledge-competitiveness of European Union countries has focused attention on Research and Technology Development (RTD) and education policies.
The evaluation of such policies in the state of the art is very difficult :
- while quantifications of RTD impact on economic performance at a firm or sectoral level are available, the assessment of such performance on a whole community or group of countries is less frequent;
- the link between RTD and economic performance has changed a lot during the last decades, raising a doubt on former estimations: for instance knowledge spillovers between countries as well as services activities linked to RTD have increased and as a consequence, RTD effect measures have changed significantly. The importance of other forms of intangible capital (Human, ICT, Organisational capital…) has modified the link between RTD and innovation.
The overall objective of DEMETER is to build a system of tools based on applied modelling that can be used for ex ante evaluation of research and innovation policies at sectoral and European level.
The method of the project is a wide scope one. It is based on micro, meso and macro economics, in order to give deep insight on RTD incentives and performance. It is grounded on Scientific, Technical and Innovation (STI) indicators and new databases that take into account all activities related to RTD (and not only RTD expenses), knowledge spillovers between activities and countries and also other forms of intangible capital.
These insights are used to modify the production and demand blocks of two large scale detailed economic coverage models that have a good track record: the NEMESIS econometric model and the GEM-E3 general equilibrium model which will produce macro and detailed indicators in order to assess RTD and innovation policies in terms of STI indicators, competitiveness, growth, employment, budget deficits, welfare, environment and sustainable development.
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